Posting #50 - "Do Oceans Cause Plate Tectonics?"
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"Great spirits have always encountered violent oppositions from
mediocre minds." - A. Einstein
Do Oceans Cause Plate Tectonics?
Of all of the planets in the Solar System, only the Earth appears to exhibit the phsnomena we associate with plate techtonics even though most, if noot all of them have a hot molten vore which results in the radiation of a large amount of internally generated heat to space. If we look closer it is obvious that the unique feature of the Earth is the presence of a liquid ocean which covers over 70% of its surface. (The other planets have essentially 0$ coverage.)
If we examine what this coverage implies and recognize that the temperature of the ocean below about 1000 feet is about +4 degrees kelvin as a result of the fact that water as the temperature of water is recuced its density increases until that temperature is reached and expands as the temperature is lowered further. This low temperature at the ocean floor facilitates the radiation of heat rising from the Earth's molten core to space since the floor of the ocean is maintained at a temperature of 4 deg Kelvin by the unique expansion properties of water. The ocean acts as an isothermal heat sink which maintains its temperature by radiation to space.
The situation under the land masses is different. They act as thermal blankets. (Some continental crusts extend below 25 miles in depth and are extremely hot at their lower edge).
As a result, the continental crust under the oceans provides a much less resistant path for the flow of heat from the Earth's core to space than do the insulating land masses of the continents.
As a result, convection in the Earth's mantle occurs more strongly under the oceans than under the continents. The resultant convection flow is upwards under the oceans and downward under the continents. This cannot help but provide strong forces acting against the crust which acr to produce spreading of the seafloor.
I would make the argument that plate tectonics is natural reault of the existence of water oceans on a planet and will not occur without the presence of significant water ocean coverage. This concluosion is consitent with the fact that all of the other observable bodies in the Solar System do nothave oceans and do not appear to exhibit the phenomena of plate tectonics.
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